THE MODERN CORPORATION DEBATE

Nowadays, it is a matter of controversy the fact that corporations can have the same legal rights as individuals. These entities can not have the same legal right that a human, just because the common sense assumes how the organization doesn´t have a physical body that can be held in jail, do not have feelings, is a profit seeker unit and so on... different arguments that support the creation of a new legislative framework for them. The term "legal person" however is something that is necessary for the developed society, since under its action so many activities are executed, activities that otherwise would not be possible, or thing for example the creation of projects such as a dam, if a "physical person" human had to handle the money and the production activities, would not be appropiate I think. The limit (line) should be at the drawn at the border of responsability because the corporations can get rights, but also duties and obligations to comply with.

In order for the corporations to be held accountable for their actions, there should be a deeper involvement of governmental institutions such as environmental regulators that witness all the steps followed by the corporations regarding pollution, effects on global warming, security in standards of production, the follow of established standards and so on. The previous would work just if there were stronger laws applicable worldwide and supported by any coercitive power. The result could be a diminished effect due to externalities caused by companies, however there would be also an increase in general prices, because a right following of proper regulations world wide would put in evidence the real cost of products once corporations assume the costs of undertaking "fair" business activities.

The directors and shareholders of the corporations should have a total responsability for the actions of "legal persons" that are in charge of them, just because the corporation does what its owners and managers decide it to do. The limited responsability is a figure that should not exist since every person in the world is responsible for the actions that he/she causes, so the corporations should be held liable for anything it did, and does.

After critizicing the corporations we also have to highlight the benefits they have. The essence of the capitalist system is the pursue of the self interest, and that has estimulated enourmous growth in terms of standard of living. The corporations estimulate those improvements since they can organize capital, labour and a management system in a way that individuals and other proven systems (communist in Russia) haven´t achieved, and that effectiveness accomplished through time is what give them the power they nowadays have.

An alternative model could be a free enterprise system but in deep involvement with state and citizens in a way that everyone interest can be better fulfilled.

REFERENCES

- The Corporation: The documentary. DVD video.

- http://www.delegatesource.com/images/corporate-social-responsability.gif

THE INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION: WOMEN MIGRANT WORKERS

We can understand, how nowadays the flows of people going from some parts of the world toward others is increasing. This has ocurred mainly due to expanding differences between the developed and the developing worlds, evidenced primarly on the standard of living, and the well-being of the populations. This trend has created the need for an organization that can comprise the group of migrants in the world which is a big ammount (214 million estimates). The mission functions of that international organization that helps and supports that set of individuals whose life sometimes depends on it, as it´s the case of refugees, is detailed as follows...

- Assist in meeting the growing operational challenges of migration management.
- Advance understanding of migration issues.
- Encourage social and economic development through migration.
- Uphold the human dignity and well-being of migrants.

The name of that institution is the INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION, an institution founded in 1951 which is headquartered in Geneve and actually has 125 member states. It is also very important to highlight the new wave of migration in today´s world, one that was not very often in the past, but nowadays has huge impact not only on governments but also on the people. It is the ENVIRONMENTAL MIGRATION, or the migration that is caused due to climate change, such as the one ocurring in Pakistan where the floods have reached record levels that were never registered before, harming crops and shelter and therefore people´s life. It is a matter of responsability because the global warming is basically caused by the poluting emissions from developed economies, but the atmosphere is shared by every individual, so the consequences of poluting the atmosphere are shared by every individual as well, can be that individual responsible or not responsible for the actions that caused damages into our natural resources.

THE CASE OF WOMEN

The previous without mentioning the hundreds of women that go abroad, leaving their countries of origin under the prospect of a better life, but actually end up in prostitution activities, or the people that work as slaves just because they do not know the rights they have as humans wherever they can be at any moment. I think this help us understand the importance of the IOM and the focus of its activities.

The OIM develops some projects to support migrant women such as the one carried out in Italy to engage West African women migrants in the development of their countries of origin through Investment and Business Creation. The projects will build on this by supporting West African women migrants interested in committing all or part of their remittances to establish small and medium enterprises through joint ventures with Italian partners and host communites, this with the idea of making a more effective use of remittances.

The Organization also combats the traficking of women and girls through networks for assisting women affected by migration and also through the prevention of such problems. The networks are among institutions of national scope as the Mexican National Women Institute, and supranational entities as the Inter-American Women´s commission of the Organization of American States. These programs are intended to prevent the case of traficking by pressuring local government legislation, and also by encouraging the internatinal cooperation to fight criminal groups of human traficking.

References

- International Organization for Migration. Retrieved on 05 of October of 2010, From International Organization for Migrantion Website. http://www.iom.int/jahia/Jahia/lang/en/pid/1

- http://unheardnomore.blogspot.com/2008/08/ending-human-traficking-in-cnmi.html